{"id":3591,"date":"2025-12-30T22:15:15","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T22:15:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pcaa.pl\/cz\/?p=3591"},"modified":"2026-03-09T17:32:23","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T17:32:23","slug":"frantisek-hekl-1915-1941","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcaa.pl\/cz\/frantisek-hekl-1915-1941\/","title":{"rendered":"Franti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Franti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941)<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Franti\u0161ek Hekl pochodzi\u0142 z miejscowo\u015bci Nemojany w po\u0142udniowych Morawach. Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 jako Franti\u0161ek Heckel w 1915 r. Niemieckobrzmi\u0105ce nazwisko zmieni\u0142 w 1939 r. (co by\u0142o nierzadk\u0105 praktyk\u0105 po\u015br\u00f3d wojskowych czechos\u0142owackich wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych przeciw niemieckiej okupacji). Po maturze, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zda\u0142 w 1935 r. w Bratys\u0142awie, rozpocz\u0105\u0142 wojskowy kurs lotniczy w morawskim Pro\u015bciejowie. Edukacj\u0119 wojskow\u0105 kontynuowa\u0142 w Akademii Wojskowej w Hranicach, a nast\u0119pnie w stopniu porucznika lotnictwa rozpocz\u0105\u0142 s\u0142u\u017cb\u0119 w eskadrze my\u015bliwskiej w Hradcu Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, a jesieni\u0105 1938 r. s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142 na wschodniej S\u0142owacji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po rozpadzie Czecho-S\u0142owacji postanowi\u0142 wst\u0105pi\u0107 do jednostek wojskowych tworz\u0105cych si\u0119 na terenie Polski. Pod koniec sierpnia 1939 r., po og\u0142oszeniu mobilizacji, znalaz\u0142 si\u0119 w prawie stuosobowej grupie czechos\u0142owackich lotnik\u00f3w wcielonych do Wojska Polskiego. S\u0142u\u017cb\u0119 rozpocz\u0105\u0142 pod dow\u00f3dztwem kpt. dypl. Bohumila Li\u0161ki na lotnisku w D\u0119blinie. W tamtejszym Centrum Wyszkolenia Lotniczego czechos\u0142owaccy lotnicy od sierpnia przygotowywali si\u0119 do s\u0142u\u017cby w polskich si\u0142ach powietrznych. D\u0119bli\u0144skie lotnisko zosta\u0142o zbombardowane na pocz\u0105tku wojny przez Luftwaffe. \u015amiertelnymi ofiarami ataku byli r\u00f3wnie\u017c wojskowi czechos\u0142owaccy. Hekl w wyniku eksplozji mia\u0142 uszkodzony s\u0142uch. Kilka dni p\u00f3\u017aniej (4 IX 1939) znalaz\u0142 si\u0119 na lotnisku w G\u00f3rze Pu\u0142awskiej, gdzie rozpocz\u0119to formowanie Czechos\u0142owackiej Eskadry Rozpoznawczej. W jej sk\u0142ad wesz\u0142o ok. 60 czechos\u0142owackich pilot\u00f3w, nawigator\u00f3w, strzelc\u00f3w pok\u0142adowych, mechanik\u00f3w i cz\u0142onk\u00f3w personelu naziemnego. Do dyspozycji mieli kilkana\u015bcie przestarza\u0142ych samolot\u00f3w Potez XXV oraz \u0142\u0105cznikowych RWD-8. Piloci wykonywali loty rozpoznawcze na rzecz broni\u0105cych si\u0119 wojsk polskich. P\u0142atowce nie by\u0142y uzbrojone, ale podczas lot\u00f3w zdarza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce si\u0142y nieprzyjaciela atakowano, zrzucaj\u0105c wi\u0105zki granat\u00f3w r\u0119cznych.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po kilku dniach jednostka by\u0142a zmuszona do ewakuacji na l\u0105dowiska po\u0142o\u017cone dalej na wschodzie \u2013 pocz\u0105tkowo w okolicach Radzynia Podlaskiego i Lublina, a w po\u0142owie wrze\u015bnia \u2013 na Wo\u0142y\u0144, a nast\u0119pnie w kierunku Tarnopola. Czechos\u0142owaccy lotnicy dzielili los polskich towarzyszy broni. Ci, kt\u00f3rym nie uda\u0142o si\u0119 przedosta\u0107 do Rumunii, trafiali do sowieckich oboz\u00f3w jenieckich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Porucznik Hekl dosta\u0142 si\u0119 do niewoli 23 wrze\u015bnia na Wo\u0142yniu. Pocz\u0105tkowo zosta\u0142 uwi\u0119ziony w Zborowie, nast\u0119pnie, do czerwca 1940 r., przeszed\u0142 przez kilka oboz\u00f3w jenieckich. Po zwolnieniu, pod koniec czerwca 1940 r., uda\u0142o mu si\u0119 wyp\u0142yn\u0105\u0107 z Odessy z zamiarem dotarcia do tworzonego na Zachodzie lotnictwa czechos\u0142owackiego. Podr\u00f3\u017c przez Turcj\u0119, Egipt, Indie, Po\u0142udniow\u0105 Afryk\u0119 i Gibraltar do Wielkiej Brytanii trwa\u0142a kilka miesi\u0119cy. Jesieni\u0105 zosta\u0142 przyj\u0119ty do RAF w charakterze pilota my\u015bliwca i skierowany na szkolenie lotnicze w bazie Debden (hrabstwo Essex). Po jego uko\u0144czeniu skierowano go pod koniec sierpnia 1941 r. do czechos\u0142owackiego 312. Dywizjonu My\u015bliwskiego stacjonuj\u0105cego w okolicach Ayr w Szkocji. W mi\u0119dzyczasie \u2013 21 lipca \u2013 zosta\u0142 odznaczony polskim Krzy\u017cem Walecznych za udzia\u0142 w kampanii polskiej 1939 r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Zdj\u0119cia: Franti\u0161ek Hekl (pierwszy z prawej), por. Vacl\u00e1v Kopeck\u00fd oraz por. Miloslav \u0160t\u011bp\u00e1nek dekorowany przez gen. Izydora Modelskiego. Obok: krzy\u017c walecznych oraz zaproszenie na uroczysto\u015b\u0107. Fotografie: zbiory VH\u00da Praha i rodziny Hekl\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dwudziestosze\u015bcioletni Hekl zgin\u0105\u0142 25 pa\u017adziernika 1941 r. podczas lotu treningowego. Jego Spitfire, niespodziewanie opadaj\u0105c, zahaczy\u0142 skrzyd\u0142em o tafl\u0119 jeziora Loch Doon. Cia\u0142o pilota nie zosta\u0142o odnalezione a samolot wydobyto dopiero w 1982 r. Jest on obecnie jednym z g\u0142\u00f3wnych eksponat\u00f3w Dumfries & Galloway Aviation Museum. W maju 1991 r. w\u0142adze Czeskiej i S\u0142owackiej Republiki Federacyjnej awansowa\u0142y Franti\u0161ka Hekla po\u015bmiertnie na stopie\u0144 pu\u0142kownika lotnictwa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dariusz D\u0105browski <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Literatura:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R. Klacek, Franti\u0161ek Hekl \u2013 mu\u017e zasluhuj\u00edc\u00ed nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, <\/em>\u201eNemojansk\u00fd zpravodaj\u201d, 2\/2019, s. 11-16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J. Mikulka, R. Mikulka, S RAF proti Hitlerovi. Letci  Vy\u0161kova, Ivanovic naH an\u00e9 a ololn\u00edch obc\u00ed v dob\u011b druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/em>, Vy\u0161kov 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J. Pawlak, Polskie eskadry w wojnie obronnej. Wrzesie\u0144 1939<\/em>, Warszawa 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J. Plach\u00fd, \u017bo\u0142nierze Legionu Czech\u00f3w i S\u0142owak\u00f3w w niewoli sowieckiej 1939\u20131941, <\/em>\u201ePami\u0119\u0107 i Sprawiedliwo\u015b\u0107\u201d 2000, t. 35, nr 1, s. 312-345.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J. Rajlich, Na nebi hrd\u00e9ho Albionu – \u010d\u00e1st 2 (1941)<\/em>, Cheb 2000. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Franti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941) Franti\u0161ek Hekl pochodzi\u0142 z miejscowo\u015bci Nemojany w po\u0142udniowych Morawach. Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 jako Franti\u0161ek Heckel w 1915 r. Niemieckobrzmi\u0105ce nazwisko zmieni\u0142 w 1939 r. (co by\u0142o nierzadk\u0105 praktyk\u0105 po\u015br\u00f3d wojskowych czechos\u0142owackich wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych przeciw niemieckiej okupacji). Po maturze, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zda\u0142 w 1935 r. w Bratys\u0142awie, rozpocz\u0105\u0142 wojskowy kurs lotniczy w morawskim Pro\u015bciejowie. Edukacj\u0119 wojskow\u0105 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biogramy-wpisy"],"yoast_head":"\nFranti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941) - PCAA Demo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pcaa.pl\/cz\/frantisek-hekl-1915-1941\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Franti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941) - PCAA Demo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Franti\u0161ek Hekl (1915-1941) Franti\u0161ek Hekl pochodzi\u0142 z miejscowo\u015bci Nemojany w po\u0142udniowych Morawach. Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 jako Franti\u0161ek Heckel w 1915 r. Niemieckobrzmi\u0105ce nazwisko zmieni\u0142 w 1939 r. (co by\u0142o nierzadk\u0105 praktyk\u0105 po\u015br\u00f3d wojskowych czechos\u0142owackich wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych przeciw niemieckiej okupacji). Po maturze, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zda\u0142 w 1935 r. w Bratys\u0142awie, rozpocz\u0105\u0142 wojskowy kurs lotniczy w morawskim Pro\u015bciejowie. 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Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 jako Franti\u0161ek Heckel w 1915 r. Niemieckobrzmi\u0105ce nazwisko zmieni\u0142 w 1939 r. (co by\u0142o nierzadk\u0105 praktyk\u0105 po\u015br\u00f3d wojskowych czechos\u0142owackich wyst\u0119puj\u0105cych przeciw niemieckiej okupacji). Po maturze, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zda\u0142 w 1935 r. w Bratys\u0142awie, rozpocz\u0105\u0142 wojskowy kurs lotniczy w morawskim Pro\u015bciejowie. 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